Improvement in ooal-stoves



WELLMAN & OLD.-

Coal Stove.-

Patented July 11, 1865.

- fan.

To all wh om -tt may concern:

v .npper andlower gratingsp g our improvements in.c lc s'estoves are designed chiefly-to overcome the difiiculties ex perienced in regulating the heatmnd to reduce the emonntof'coal consumed to'yield a 'given UNITED ST T-Es MARSH L. 1).-WELL AN AND-JAMES one; or PITISBURG,PENNSYLVANIA.

f IMPROVEMENT mjo 'AL- v s Specificationformingpa'inLLetters Pa n fin (ltlflid JlllY 11,1865];

Be it known that we, MARSHALL D. WELL- MAN and J OLD, both of the city f Pittsb'nrg, in the coun'tylot' Allegheny'and State of Pennsylvania,'-lni.ve inve'iite'd'anewianduseful Improvement-in Olose'Stoves; and we do here- .by declare the following. to be a full,-clear,.and exact description thereof, reference being bad j to the annexed drawings,flfiirmin g part of this.

'- specification, in .which.-

, Figure'l'is a perspective representation of Four improved stove, a portion of the side hein'gremoved to exhibit the i'nterior'construction and Fig.2 is e sectionjofpart of the,

degree of heat. p l V ,Qlose stoves are ordinarily constructed with anopen grating for a fire-bed, the space he 'lowthis grating'being closed bye door, and

the fire chamber. or space above the grating having either perpendicular sides or s-idesflar-' f ing outward and upward.

"a largeamountof fuel is wasted, and a great,

With such a stove proportion of the gas andfuligiuons matter evolved passes away uncons'umed which might be burned. Such stoves are also very apt to, become overheated andjcaunot then be read-. 'ily cooled, so thatitlis very diffienlt to main- "tain a regular heat, or to regulate it to the desired temperature. Theyalso consume a large quantity of coal and need to-be frequentlyreplenished. I, 1 Our improvements in close stoves a: c'shown' in'the accompanying drawings, which repre sent an n 'iright circular st'ove.-

41 is the bottom plate, supportetha's is usual, on feet. On this plate is placed the air-chamher I), in which is inserted'the'ash-drawerd.

Around the edge of the horizontal top of the air-chamber b are a number-0f circular holes, 'c,'through which air is admitted into'th'e airchamber belowthe'gratingfi .cParalleLto the 3 circumference of the air-chamber b, and inside,

the holes 0, is ahead, it, which rises .fr'om the face of the top of the air-chamber b, and in- .side of which sits the bottom section or firepot, of the stove. The holes in the grating v f in into from points equidistant from the center of. the top plate-of the air-chamber to the inner circumference ofthelowredge of the fire-pot 1), near to thebeadn the holesce in low. The gratingfmay be a separate piece Over the which correspond'innumbenshape, and, position to the'openingsin the lower gratiugyf, The spaces between the openings in bothgratthan the openings, so that when theupper grating is turned on its center-over grating may close the openings-in the other. TefaciIitate-the turning-of the upper grating, c, it has} a pin, h,

and hinders, which choke the openings 0 and e in the gratings, when it'is desired to increase the supply of air to the fire. The fire-bed or upper grating; g, (one-half of which is reprelowcr grating, f,) has a handle, k, which projects'hOriZontaIIy from its circumference at termitted-for that purpose. p

" 0n the top of the fire-pot p is s'etthe upper section, q,'o f the stove, in ,over thatis placed the cap or cover, 1*, which the stove-pipe.

section of a dome, or, if preferred, thefrustum of a cone, with its greatestdiameter at the level of the grate, and arching or inclining upwardand inward toward the center of the stove at an interior angle to the horizontal fire-grateot' about forty-five degrees, or so much as to dethe coal against the sides of the stove. From the point where the diameter of the fire-pot is the grating the body of the stove enlarges again for a short distance rapidly, and then isgmdnally contrapted toward the cover or cap r. vThe shape and height ofthe stove the grating f opening 'intothe air-chamber befrom the airfchamber her form part ot'it'.

gratingf, and in contact with it, is'- placed a similar circular grating, g, of somewhat smaller diameter, with radial openings 0'," I

ings are of similar shape and alittle' larger" the lower oneithe spaces between the'open in'gs in one wnickprojects downward fi-Trom. it-svcenie'r and-enters a corresponding 1 hole in thecenter of thelower grating, f. The upper grating forms the firebed of the stove, j .and 'also serves as e .rakerto remove the ashes sentedin the drawings as removed to show the -any convenient point where the bead n is in which is a door, s, and

has a flange, v, surrounding the opening w for "The shape of thelowcr section or fire-pot I of our-stove ispcculiar, being that of the lower fleet theheat and flamedown onto the fire, and l to prevent in a great degree the packing of contracted to about one-half of its diameter at above the throat or narrowest pomtof the tireer,-and may be varied to suit the taste of the manufacturer. When the upper grating, g, is turned sothat the openings 6 correspond with which enters the air-chamber b through. the holes 0 c, or through the-ash-drawer 01' when open, will pass up through the open gratings into the fire, and especially all around the inner circumference of the fire-pot p, where the openings arewidest, because the effect of the arched or inwardly-sloping sides of the firepotis to prevent the packing of the coal against the sides of the fire-pot, and thus leave free passage-wayfor the air. This causes a constant stream of flame all around the edge or circumference of the fire, which is deflected downward, and as it rises to the contracted throat of the fire-pot makes an arch or dome of flame, .through which the gas and smoke from the central mass of fuel have to pass, andwhich are thereby ignited as they pass into the upper part of the stove, causing a great combustion and consequent heat. When the upper grating is thus turned to'open the air-passages a hole, t, in the bottom of the fire-pot 10 is exposed through which a poker may be inserted to stir the fire. .Thi's opening t is closed by the handle laof the'upper grating, y, when it is turned back,.so as to close the openin gs c e in the gratings.

At the end of the handle kisa ring, l, thr0ugh which the poker may be passed with its point inserted into a hole, m, in the bottom plate, a,

and with the poker as a lever, its fulcrum being at the hole m, the upper grating, 9, may be shaken back and forth to rake out the ashes and cinders from the fire-bed.

When it is desired to check the heat of the store the upper grating may be turned so as to lessen the amount of air supplied to the fire, which may be so regulated as to cause the fire to burn slowly but with a steady heat. If the air-passages through the gratings are entirely "I closed and the stove-door .thrown open, the fire the openings cin the lower grating, ;f, the air will continue alight for along time, and yet emit very little heat. Thus by regulating the admission of air thedegree of heat given out by the store may be controlled at pleasure and with very little trouble, and even a high degree of heat maybe attained and kept up with the consumption of less than one-half of the fuel consumed in ordinary stoves.

Our stove is chiefly designed for burning soft or bituminous coal; but we believe that-it will .be found very advantageous for the consumption of anthracite also.

Having thus described our improvement, what we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Making the fire-pot of close stoves with.

its greatest diameter at the level of the firebed or grate and contracting upward, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.

2. The use, in close stoves, in combination.

with a fire-pot construced as hereinbefore described, of a double perforated grating, the lower part of which is stationary and the upper part turning thereon, for the'double purpose of raking the fire and regulating the admission of air to the fire, substantially as hereinbefore set forth. In testimony whereof we, the said MAR- SHALL D, \VELLMAN and J AMES- OLD, have hereunto set our hands.

v MARSHALL D. W ELLMAN. I JAMES OLD. Witnesses:

JOHN M. NEAL,

A. S. NICHOLSON. 

